Etude comparative des lipides de la boutargue du mulet à grosse tête (Mugil cephalus, linné 1758) de l’océan Atlantique : Nouakchott (Mauritanie) et de la mer Méditerranée : Tunis (Tunisie)

Abstract

The boutargue is the salty and dried ovary of the mullet (Mugil cephalus) from Nouakchott (Mauritania) and Tunis (Tunisia). In order to know the nutritional quality of the boutargue, we have used an analytic analysis and dosages of lipids and their fat acids. For this study, we used two different methods of extraction of the lipids: method of Folch modified by Bligh and Dyer and the method of Soxhlet. These experiences show that the boutargue of mullet is rich in lipids, 30.9% in Nouakchott (Atlantic Ocean) and 27,4% in Tunis (Mediterranean Sea). The boutargue is with good nutritional quality. Indeed, each gram of boutargue contains 28,1 mg of fatty acids in Nouakchott and 19,7 mg in Tunisia. Theses fatty acids are subdivide in 3 essential groups: - Fatty acid saturated 17,9% in Atlantic Ocean and 2,8% in Mediterranean Sea. - Fatty acid monounsaturated 39, 4% in Atlantic Ocean and 41,4% in Mediterranean Sea. - Fatty acids polyunsaturated 28, 8% in Atlantic Ocean and 39 % in Mediterranean Sea. The quantity of lipids in Atlantic Ocean boutargue is superior to Mediterranean Sea boutargue but the quality of lipids in Mediterranean Sea boutargue is superior to Atlantic Ocean boutargue